What’s the Difference between Entrainment and Entertainment?

Dr. Alice H. Cash
3 min readMar 18, 2022

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Woman wearing headphones while waiting for surgery

People often ask me, when they first see the word “entrainment” if I meant “entertainment.” We all know what entertainment is, and because I am a performing musician, people assume that I have misspelled the word entertainment, but no, entrainment is very, very different!

Think of a time when you went to a concert of any kind and when the music started, the rhythmic nature of it made you start clapping, tapping or moving your whole body in synch with the rhythm! That’s entrainment! The phenomenon of entrainment was named in the Journal “Cortex.” This was written as the abstract of an article on entrainment:

“Wherever human beings live, and however they may organize their affairs, they gather from time to time to sing and dance together, often in a ritual setting. In doing so they synchronize their voices and bodily movements to a shared, repeating interval of time, the musical pulse, beat or tactus. We take this capacity to “entrain” to an evenly paced stimulus. (isochrony) so much for granted that it may come as a surprise to learn that from a biological point of view such behavior is exceptional. But it is not altogether unique.”

So how does this apply to surgery? One of the reasons that music is so powerful during surgery is that the pulse of the music entrains your heartbeat and breathing, even when you’re under general anesthesia. Many people believe that when you’re under anesthesia you can’t actually “hear” the music. That’s where the difference between entertainment and entrainment comes in.

The idea began to take shape in my mind that some people in comas had been observed for years, tapping a toe or foot or finger, in rhythm with music being played or sung in the room. Some people would awaken from lengthy comas, reporting that they ha indeed heard and appreciated music that was played or sung to them while in a coma.

After researching similar phenomena during surgery, I found that hundreds of people each year awaken from general anesthesia saying that they heard not only conversations during their surgery, they heard music that was being played through speakers, intended for the doctors. They also heard, during certain surgeries, the sound of drills, hammers and saws!! This is when I began wondering if music that would start the entrainment process, played through super-lightweight headphones, might not be a wonderful thing.

Before I proceeded further, I was advised to get a U.S. Patent, which I did, and we now have the only patented process for choosing the most successful music for starting the entrainment process for the patient. Once the patient’s heart-rate, breathing, and emotional state are entrained to the music, the patient stays relaxed during the surgery and less anesthesia and other meds are required to keep the patient asleep and comfortable during whatever procedure they are undergoing.

Today, our Surgical Serenity Solution provides this calm and relaxing process to patients around the country. After researching the very best music for entrainment, I have come up with 5 playlists that are soothing, comforting, and start the entrainment process. The genres available are Classical, Jazz, New Age, Lullabies, and Memory Care. If you are having surgery in the near future, please consider using music, through lightweight, cordless headphones!

Dr. Alice H. Cash is a clinical musicologist who has devoted much of her career to researching the healing powers of music and teaching professionals and patients about using music for health and wellness. Her website devoted to music with surgery is www.SurgicalSerenitySolutions.com.There you can purchase the headphones, her five mobile apps, and download a free report about “How to Talk with your Doctor about using Music with your Surgery. Her other website is http://www.HealingMusicEnterprises.com and has been viewed and enjoyed by people around the world. She also has three blogs, each focusing on a different aspect of music healing.

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Dr. Alice H. Cash
Dr. Alice H. Cash

Written by Dr. Alice H. Cash

Clinical musicologist; creator of SurgicalSerenitySolutions. We provide pre-programmed headphones for surgery with our proprietary, clinically tested music.

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